Quiz on Atomic Structure

What is meant by the term nucleons?
1. The neutrons
2. The neutrons and the protons
3. Electrons
4. Protons, neutrons, and electrons
What size is the nucleus compared with the atom?
1. About 10 times smaller.
2. About 100 times smaller.
3. About 1000 times smaller.
4. About 10000 times smaller.
What is the mass of an electron compared to a proton?
1. 1/18
2. 1/180
3. 1/1800
4. 1/18000
Most atoms are neutral. This means:
1. The nucleus is only made up of neutrons.
2. There are equal numbers of electrons and positrons in the electron shells
3. The electrons normally have zero charge.
4. The number of electrons balances out the number of protons.
Which one of these statements is true about an ion?
1. An ion becomes positive when an extra proton is added.
2. An ion becomes positive when electrons are removed and negative when electrons are added.
3. An ion becomes positive when positrons are added and negative when electrons are added.
4. An ion becomes negative when a proton is removed.
Which one of these statements is true about an isotope of an element?
1. The number of protons remains the same, but the number of neutrons is different.
2. The number of neutrons remains the same, but the number of protons is different.
3. The number of protons and neutrons remain the same, but the number of electrons is different.
4. The number of protons remains the same, but electrons are added to the nucleus.
Rutherford's Alpha Scattering experiment showed that:
1. The atoms were smashed up by alpha particles.
2. The atoms consisted or protons in a matrix of electrons.
3. The nucleus was quite large and was positively charged.
4. The nucleus was very small and positively charged.
What was the most compelling evidence in the alpha scattering experiment?
1. Alpha particles went straight through the atoms.
2. Alpha particles were deflected.
3. A tiny proportion of alpha particles appear to be reflected right back.
4. Bits of atom were found lying at the bottom of the chamber as a fine dust.
Some isotopes are radioactive. This is because:
1. there is an imbalance between protons and electrons.
2. The nucleus becomes neutral.
3. the nucleus is unstable.
4. the electrons are in an unstable shell arrangement. Radioactive isotopes are much more chemically reactive than isotopes that are not radioactive.
An isotope of cadmium has an atomic number of 48 and a mass number of 112. This means that the cadmium atom has:
1. 48 protons
  64 neutrons
  48 electrons.
2. 64 protons
  48 neutrons
  64 electrons.
3. 48 protons
  112 neutrons
  48 electrons.
4. 112 protons
  48 neutrons
  112 electrons.